Mastering Anaesthesia for NEET-PG and INI-CET in Just 2 Days
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Anaesthesia for NEET‑PG & INI‑CET
2‑Day Plan (quick)
- Day 1: Basics, Airway, Machine & Circuits; 100 foundation MCQs.
- Day 2: Drugs, Regional, Monitoring, Ventilation/ICU; 100 clinical MCQs.
- Revision: Difficult airway, CPR/ACLS, red‑flag complications; 100 targeted MCQs.
1) Pre‑operative evaluation (PAC)
- Focused history and exam; comorbid optimization; functional capacity.
- ASA, Mallampati, airway predictors (TMD, ULBT, neck movement).
- Fasting/NPO; meds to continue/withhold; consent and risk discussion.
- Basic investigations; fitness for anaesthesia.
- Positioning risks; pressure‑point and eye protection.
2) Oxygen & preoxygenation
- Devices: nasal cannula, simple mask, venturi, non‑rebreather, HFNC (know use‑cases).
- Preoxygenation methods: 3‑minute tidal breathing or 8 deep breaths.
3) Airway management
- RSI steps and aspiration prophylaxis.
- SGDs (OPA/NPA, LMA/i‑gel); ETT types (RAE, DLT, reinforced).
- Laryngoscopes (Mac/Miller, video); bougie and stylet use.
- Confirmation by EtCO₂; cuff pressure; extubation criteria.
- Difficult‑airway algorithm; cricothyrotomy basics.
4) Machine, circuits & equipment
- Boyle’s machine parts and O₂ flush; safety checks.
- PISS and cylinder colour coding; scavenging.
- Vaporizers (variable bypass, Tec‑6); SVP and temperature compensation.
- CO₂ absorber and APL valve.
- Mapleson A–F (incl. Bain); circle system; low‑flow/closed circuits.
5) Physics & gas laws
- Boyle, Charles, Gay‑Lussac, Dalton, Henry; ideal gas law.
- Hagen‑Poiseuille; Reynolds; Venturi/Bernoulli.
- Vapour pressure; critical temperature; Joule‑Thomson.
- Altitude/barometric effects on vaporizers.
6) General anaesthesia drugs
- Induction: propofol, ketamine, etomidate, thiopentone (key pros/cons and contraindications).
- Inhalational: sevoflurane, isoflurane, desflurane; MAC basics and modifiers.
- Opioids and reversal; benzodiazepines and flumazenil; alpha‑2 agonist (dexmedetomidine).
- NMBAs: succinylcholine (hyperkalaemia, MH), rocuronium/vecuronium/atracurium/cisatracurium; reversal (neostigmine+glycopyrrolate, sugammadex).
- PONV: Apfel score; ondansetron and dexamethasone.
7) Local & regional anaesthesia
- Local anaesthetics: classes, mechanism, potency vs lipid solubility, additives; LAST + intralipid.
- Spinal: anatomy/dermatomes; dose/baricity; hypotension, PDPH, total spinal.
- Epidural: technique; test dose; complications; CSE basics.
- Peripheral blocks: brachial plexus approaches; femoral/sciatic; fascia iliaca; TAP; ankle; ultrasound basics.
- Neuraxial and anticoagulation: timing concepts.
8) Monitoring
- Standards: oxygenation, ventilation, circulation, temperature.
- ECG basics; NIBP vs arterial line.
- Capnography patterns; pulse oximetry limitations.
- Neuromuscular monitoring (TOF); depth monitoring (e.g., BIS).
- Temperature monitoring and active warming.
9) Ventilation & ICU
- Modes: VCV/PCV/PSV; tidal volume 6–8 ml/kg PBW; PEEP basics.
- ARDS: low tidal volume; COPD/asthma: longer expiratory time; avoid auto‑PEEP.
- ABG and acid–base; electrolytes; fluids (crystalloid/colloid).
- Vasoactive agents: noradrenaline, phenylephrine, vasopressin, dobutamine (when/why).
- Weaning readiness; ICU bundles; sedation/analgesia basics.
10) Emergencies & complications
- Malignant hyperthermia: recognition and dantrolene.
- Anaphylaxis: epinephrine first; fluids; adjuncts.
- Laryngospasm/bronchospasm; aspiration management.
- Transfusion reactions; massive transfusion basics.
- LAST protocol (lipid emulsion).
11) Resuscitation
- BLS sequence; high‑quality CPR; AED workflow.
- ACLS: adult cardiac arrest; tachycardia/bradycardia with pulse; post‑ROSC care.
12) Special situations
- Obstetric: spinal for LSCS; pre‑eclampsia; difficult airway in pregnancy.
- Paediatric: airway differences; tube‑size formula; day‑care basics.
- Comorbidities: diabetes, thyroid, pheochromocytoma, renal/liver disease, OSA.
- NORA/MRI: equipment compatibility; safety basics.
13) Practice patterns
- Solve in timed blocks (25–50); review every error.
- Focus on MAC changes; capnography; ventilator mode selection.
- Choose induction, relaxant, and reversal per scenario.
- Select block per surgery; recognise machine/circuit faults.
14) Last‑day revision
- Airway algorithms and rescue steps.
- MH, anaphylaxis, laryngospasm, aspiration: first actions.
- Drug picks and reversal map.
- Capnography pictures; ventilator knob effects.
- Spinal/epidural must‑knows.
- ACLS trees (arrest; tachy/brady; post‑ROSC).